重庆缙云山慈竹种群年龄的初步研究

慈竹(Neosinocalamus affinis)系四川分布面积最大和用途最广的合轴型竹种。作者在重庆缙云山慈竹种群年龄研究过程中,发现慈竹种群之无性系个体的年龄与其个体生物量和各器官生物量相关密切,其器官数量也呈显著相关;慈竹秆的形态学特征与其个体的年龄,地下茎和地上茎(秆)的分枝级数与其年龄均呈直线相关。地下茎分枝级数(RSB_x)与其年龄(A_(rs))的回归模型:A_(rs)=(RSB_x_(max) 1)-RSB_x,相关系数Υ_(rs)=-1.0000,O_(x-1)=0;秆分枝级数(CB_x)与其年龄(A_c)之相关模型为A_c=CB_x,相关系数Υ_c=1.0000(一年生个体除外),O_(x-1)=0。     

香榧性别的早期鉴定*

1987－1989年间，作者对香榧核型进行了研究，据取自浙江诸暨、富阳两地的香榧茎（根）尖材料的核分析结果，建立了香榧雌雄株核型模式，分别为：雌：K（2n）♀=22=21Xm(2SAT) Ym 雄：K(2)♂=22=22Xm(2SAT) 根据上述式对诸暨、富阳两地的131株香榧实生苗作了性别测定，结果有89株为雌性，42株为雄性。     

Diversity of the calabash tree (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Crescentia cujete</Emphasis> L.) in Colombia

Germplasm of the calabash tree (Crescentia cujete L.) was collected in five major regions of Colombia, i.e. the Andes, Caribbean, Amazon, Orinoco, and Pacific regions. Collecting this multipurpose tree was guided by the indigenous knowledge of farmers and artisans in each region. Large variation in fruit shapes and sizes was found, of which some forms were typical for certain regions. Overall 56 accessions were collected and roughly classified into 22 types by eight fruit shapes and eight sizes. Molecular markers (Amplified fragment length polymorphisms) were applied to leaf tip tissue originating from vegetatively propagated plants in order to assess the diversity available in the germplasm collected as well as to detect patterns of geographical or morphological similarity. One accession each of C. alata H.B.&K. and C. amazonica Ducke were used as outgroups. Overall, genetic diversity was high (mean Nei and Li’s coefficient of 0.43). No relations could be established between either geographical provenance or fruit morphology and patterns of genetic diversity. Concerning the outgroups, the C. amazonica accession appeared to be a distinct species. The C. alata accession, however, did not seem to be sufficiently distinct from C. cujete to merit species status. The latter material may in fact be a hybrid or serve to challenge the validity of interspecific organization of the genus Crescentia.

云南主要核桃品种的ISSR分子鉴别

以核桃当年萌发的新叶为材料,在建立了良好的反应体系基础上,筛选出8条引物对云南省11个主要栽培和推广的核桃品种进行了ISSR分子标记研究。结果表明:8个ISSR引物共检测出位点102个,其中多态性位点62个,占60.78%,参试样品具有较高的多态比率;用其中的两条引物建立了11个品种的指纹图谱,并可用之鉴别参试品种;POPGENE 32软件的计算结果有效等位基因数、基因的多样性和Shannon信息指数分别为1.370 7,0.214 3和0.321 6,供试的云南核桃品种在分子水平上存在比较丰富的遗传变异。     

Preliminary studies on the early quality identification ofAuricularia auricular

In production industry ofAuricularia auricular, the varieties quality is most important impact factor on output. For evaluating the early quality of the edible fungus, 9 varieties ofAuricularia auricular (Au9, CF09, CF05, 29, 916, chang10, chang7, Au.Japanese and 8808) were cultured on the medium consists of potato dextrose agar (PDA) and sawdust to test their mycelium growth rate, endurance to high temperature, resistance to mildew, assimilation of nutriment, and resistance to drought. The result showed that the mycelium of Chang 10, CF09, 29 and Au.Japanese varieties had the eminent characteristics such as short lifespan, stronger assimilation of nutriment, and endurance to high temperature and steady growth. These four varieties are determined as superiority varieties ofAuricularia auricular in accordance with the research results. Foundation item: The research was supported by Science Fund of Northeast Forestry University (2004). Biography: Li Ling (1964-), female, Engineer in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

辽宁杨树主要病虫害的识别及防治

文章对辽宁省杨树速生丰产林建设发展中经常遇到的病虫害进行了介绍，并重点阐述了发生在杨树上的主要种类蒙古象甲、黑绒金龟、白杨透翅蛾、杨干象、青杨天牛、光肩星天牛、杨树溃疡病、杨树腐烂病、杨树黑斑病的形态识别、危害部位和防治方法等。     

数字图像处理在植物新品种鉴定中的应用

随着分子生物学和信息技术的发展,指纹图谱技术已成为品种鉴定的重要手段。本文从目前人工鉴定指纹图谱的方法出发,提出了利用计算机的图像处理技术来实现指纹图谱鉴定的方法以及实现技术。     

基于时延神经网络的木材干燥温湿度建模研究

利用神经网络建立了木材干燥的温湿度模型,给出了其时延神经网络辨识结构。分别提出温、湿度控制模型(控制信号与温、湿度之间的关系模型)和木材干燥基准模型(温、湿度与木材含水率之间的关系模型),并利用实验干燥窑得到的实际数据进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,利用此方法建模是可行的,所建模型是有效的。图10参16。     

气质联用技术在红木挥发油成分分析中的应用

香气包含有多种挥发性物质,是红木识别鉴定的重要辅助特征.采用气相色谱质谱联用技术比较分析了4种红木木材挥发油化学组成的异同.结果表明:鸟足紫檀与大果紫檀的挥发油色谱峰相近,两者具有较多共有谱峰;微凹黄檀与刀状黑黄檀的挥发油色谱峰相似,但特有色谱峰较明显.鸟足紫檀和大果紫檀挥发油主要组分为八氢-4a,8-四甲基-2-萘甲醇、十氢-4a-三甲基-8-亚甲基-2-萘甲醇和6a,11a-二氢-3,9-二甲氧基-6H-二苯并呋喃;微凹黄檀和刀状黑黄檀挥发油主要组分为1,7,7-三甲基苯亚乙基双环[2,2,1]庚-2-酮;刀状黑黄檀还含有较多的9-甲氧基-2,3,5,7-四甲基吡咯并喹啉和4-甲基-2-[5-(2-噻吩基)吡唑-3-基]苯酚.挥发油色谱峰和化学组成的差异可用于红木材种鉴别,同时为红木的精细化利用提供参考.     

基于时延神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识的研究

木材干燥是一个复杂、多变的过程，传统的系统辨识方法很难建立一个理想的木材干燥模型。利用时延神经网络的特点，本文提出了基于时延神经网络的木材干燥模型辨识方法，并给出了辨识网络和结构。对辨识得到模型的仿真结果表明，利用时延神经网络所建立的模型是可靠且有效的。